Que- An ecosystem gradually merges with an adjoining one through a transitional zone is called the ______________
a. Ecological niche
b. ecological footprint
c. ecotone
d. shore effect
Answer- ecotone
Explanation- An ecotone is a transition area between two biomes. It is where two communities meet and integrate. It may be narrow or wide, and it may be local (the zone between a field and forest) or regional (the transition between forest and grassland ecosystems).
Que- The term " Eco " implies
a. Environment
b. Ecotone
c. Ecotourism
d. Soil
Answer- Environment
Explanation- Eco is an abbreviation for ecology, the system of relationships between living things, and with their environment. Friendly implies beneficial, or at least not harmful. It should follow that the term eco-friendly, when added to services or products, indicates positive, or at least not harmful, effects on living things.
Que- Germ Layer includes
a. mesoderm layer
b. ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm
c. ectoderm
d. endoderm
Answer- ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm
Explanation- Germ layer, any of three primary cell layers, formed in the earliest stages of embryonic development, consisting of the endoderm (inner layer), the ectoderm (outer layer), and the mesoderm (middle layer).
Que- Maximum deposition of DDT will occur in
a. phytoplankton
b. crab
c. eel
d. sea gull
Answer- sea gull
Explanation- The maximum number of deposition of DDT will occur in phytoplankton crabeelor seagull. DDT is a colourless, odourless and a tasteless crystalline chemical compound, which was originally invented as an insecticide.
Que- Coral reefs in India can be seen in
a. Himalayan region
b. Andaman and Nicobar Islands
c. Uttarpradesh
d. Maharashtra
Answer- Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Explanation- Coral reef in India found at Lakshadweep island,Gulf of Kutch,Gulf of Mannar and Andaman Islands, marine species and creatures like Dolphins, Sea-horse, Sea-cucumber, Sea-anemone,Dugong and sea turtle are the few wild animals of coral reefs found in India.
Que- Minute particles and liquid droplets are collectively called
a. Convection current
b. Ozone
c. UV radiation
d. Aerosols
Answer- Aerosols
Explanation- Minute particles and liquid droplets collectively called aerosols also are suspended in the air.
Que- Non-lonizing radiations with specific biological effects are
a. Gamma rays
b. Beta-rays
c. UV radiations
d. X-rays
Answer- UV radiations
Explanation- In terms of potential biological effects, the non-ionizing portion of the spectrum can be subdivided into: The optical radiation portion, where electron excitation can occur (visible light, infrared light) The portion where the wavelength is smaller than the body. Heating via induced currents can occur.
Que- The most harmful of ultraviolet radiation is
a. UV-C,
b. UV-B,
c. UV-A,
d. All the above.
Answer- UV-C,
Explanation- UVB rays, which affect skin's top layer, cause skin cancer and most sunburns. Although UVA and UVB rays pose the greatest risk for sun damage, people who work with welding torches or mercury lamps may be exposed to UVC rays, the most dangerous type of UV radiation.
Que- Many freshwater animals cannot live for long in sea water and vice versa mainly because of the
a. Change in N levels
b. Change in the levels of thermal tolerance
c. Variations in light intensity
d. Osmotic problems
Answer- Osmotic problems
Explanation- In freshwater a fish is hypertonic to its environment, it means fish is saltier and water continuously moves into the fishes body via Osmosis. Hence Many freshwater animals cannot live for long in sea water and vice versa mainly because of Osmotic problems. So the correct answer is 'Osmotic problems'.
Que- Which of the following statements is not correct?
a. The length of human hair changes as the relative humidity changes.
b. During the winter, low relative humidity can irritate the mucus membranes in the nose and throat.
c. The relative humidity is a measure of the air's actual water vapor content.
d. A change in the air temperature can change the relative humidity.
Answer- The relative humidity is a measure of the air's actual water vapor content.
Explanation- The relative humidity is a measure of the air's actual water vapour content this statement is incorrect.
Que- Without the atmospheric greenhouse effect, the average surface temperature would be:
a. Higher than at present
b. Lower than at present
c. The same as it is now
d. Much more variable than it is now
Answer- Lower than at present
Explanation- Without this greenhouse effect, the average surface temperature would be 255 degrees kelvin (-18 degrees Celsius or 0 degrees Fahrenheit); a temperature so low that all water on Earth would freeze, the oceans would turn into ice and life, as we know it, would not exist.
Que- How much radiant energy will an object emit if its temperature is at absolute zero?
a. The maximum theoretical amount
b. None
c. The same as it would at any other temperature
d. Depends on the chemical composition of the object
Answer- None
Explanation- An object emit at absolute zero won't emit radiant energy.
Que- Suppose last night was clear and calm. Tonight low clouds will be present. From this you would conclude that tonight's minimum temperature will be:
a. Higher than last night's minimum temperature
b. Lower than last night's minimum temperature
c. The same as last night's minimum temperature
d. Above freezing
Answer- Higher than last night's minimum temperature
Explanation- Tonight's minimum temperature will be higher than last night's minimum temperature.
Que- A food web is
a. Like a food chain
b. A set of interconnected food chains, illustrating the tropic relationships among species
c. The set of prey species that are consumed by animals in an ecosystem
d. The tropic (feeding) levels that can be observed in an ecosystem
Answer- A set of interconnected food chains, illustrating the tropic relationships among species
Explanation- A food web (or food cycle) is the natural interconnection of food chains and a graphical representation (usually an image) of what-eats-what in an ecological community. Another name for food web is consumer-resource system.
Que- Non-biodegradable pollutants are created by
a. nature
b. excessive use of resources
c. humans
d. natural disasters
Answer- humans
Explanation- The non-biodegradable pollutants are created by human itself. There are some products which cannot be degraded by the organisms in the soil. These products are plastics, pesticide, some fertilizers and some metallic components. So these products can take longs years to decompose in the nature or recycle in nature.
Que- Respiratory roots are known as
a. velamen
b. pneumatophores
c. hydathodes
d. prop roots
Answer- pneumatophores
Explanation- Respiratory or knee roots (pneumatophores) are characteristic of many species; they project above the mud and have small openings (lenticels) through which air enters, passing through the soft spongy tissue to the roots beneath the mud.
Que- The conversion of a pond to a climax forest community is an example of
a. xerarch succession
b. mesarch succession
c. hydrarch succession
d. all of these
Answer- hydrarch succession
Explanation- The conversion of a pond to a climax forest community is an example of hydrarch succession.
Que- Which of the following is a nonrenewable energy resource?
a. Solar
b. Methane
c. Hydroelectric
d. Coal
Answer- Coal
Explanation- Most non-renewable energy sources are fossil fuels: coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Carbon is the main element in fossil fuels. For this reason, the time period that fossil fuels formed (about 360-300 million years ago) is called the Carboniferous Period.
Que- What type of energy is derived from heated groundwater?
a. solar
b. geothermal
c. hydroelectric
d. nuclear
Answer- geothermal
Explanation- Geothermal energy is the energy stored in the form of heat beneath the surface of the solid earth. According to the kind of sources in which geothermal energy occurs it can be litho geothermal (in hot dry rocks), igneous geothermal (out of magma) pneumo thermal (from hot gases) and hydrogeothermal (from groundwater).
Que- As the air temperature increases, with no addition of water vapor to the air, the dew point will:
a. Remain the same
b. Increase
c. Decrease
d. Increase and become equal to the air temperature
Answer- Remain the same
Explanation- As the air temperature increases, with no addition of water vapor to the air, the dew point will remain the same.
Que- As the air temperature increases, with no addition of water vapour to the air, the relative humidity will:
a. Remain the same
b. Increase
c. Decrease
d. Increase until it becomes equal to the dew point temperature
Answer- Increase until it becomes equal to the dew point temperature
Explanation- As air is cooled and no moisture is added, the relative humidity will increase until the air reaches saturation (100% RH). The temperature of the air when this occurs is called the dew point temperature.
Que- Green House effect is caused by
a. Increase in CO2
b. Increase in O2
c. Decrease in O2
d. Decrease in CO2
Answer- Increase in CO2
Explanation- Greenhouse effect, a warming of Earth's surface and troposphere (the lowest layer of the atmosphere) caused by the presence of water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, and certain other gases in the air. Of those gases, known as greenhouse gases, water vapour has the largest effect.
Que- If the air temperature remains constant, evaporating water into the air will ____ the dew point and ____ the relative humidity.
a. Increase, increase
b. Increase, decrease
c. Decrease, increase
d. Decrease, decrease
Answer- Increase, increase
Explanation- If the air temperature remains constant, evaporating water into the air will increase the dew point and increase the relative humidity.
Que- If the earth's average surface temperature were to increase, the amount of radiation emitted from the earth's surface would ____, and the wavelength of peak emission would shift toward ____ wavelengths.
a. Increase, shorter
b. Increase, longer
c. Decrease, shorter
d. Decrease, longer
Answer- Increase, shorter
Explanation- If the earth's average surface temperature were to increase, the amount of radiation emitted from the earth's surface would increase, and the wavelength of peak emission would shift toward shorter wavelengths.
Que- Which of the following determine the kind (wavelength) and amount of radiation that an object emits?
a. Temperature
b. Thermal conductivity
c. Density
d. Latent heat
Answer- Temperature
Explanation- Temperature determine the kind (wavelength) and amount of radiation that an object emits.