Que- The crack marked on a glacier due to splitting of ice is called
a. watershed
b. crevasses
c. delta
d. glacier
Answer- crevasses
Explanation- A crevasse is a deep crack, or fracture, found in an ice sheet or glacier, as opposed to a crevice that forms in rock.
Que- The conversion of ammonia to nitrate is known as ________
a. ammonification
b. nitrification
c. denitrification
d. all of these
Answer- nitrification
Explanation- Nitrosomonas convert ammonia into nitrates by a process called nitrification. It is performed in two steps – nitrite formation and nitrate formation.
Que- Air pollution is severe in
a. Cities
b. Industrialised areas
c. Densely populated areas
d. all of these
Answer- all of these
Explanation- All of these places.
Que- Which of the following provides a measure of the average speed of air molecules?
a. Pressure
b. Temperature
c. Density
d. Heat
Answer- Temperature
Explanation- Temperature is a measure of the average speed of all of the molecules in a substance (gas, liquid, or solid). The higher the air temperature, the faster the air molecules move.
Que- Acid deposition causes
a. the greenhouse effect to lessen
b. lakes and forests to die
c. acid indigestion in humans
d. all the above are correct
Answer- lakes and forests to die
Explanation- Rainfall that is acidic, possesses elevated H+ ion concentrations, and has been commonly known as ‘acid rain’.the contribution from SO2 is considerably smaller than during the 1970s, so that currently, oxidised and reduced nitrogen dominate acid deposition. Deposition of reduced nitrogen (N) compounds, e.g.NH4+, can acidify via microbial transformations in the soil and also assimilation in plants leading to acidification of the rhizospehere. Other compounds also contribute to acid deposition, e.g. hydrochloric acid (HCl)
Que- Melanornia (skin cancer) is associated with
a. ozone accumulation
b. ozone depletion
c. acid rain
d. allergens
Answer- ozone depletion
Explanation- Skin cancer is an abnormal growth of skin cells. It most often develops on areas of the skin exposed to the sun’s rays. Skin cancer affects people of all colors and races, although those with light skin who sunburn easily have a higher risk.
Que- When oil and gas resources are burnt they kill many forests and lakes by
a. deforestation
b. water pollution
c. acid rain
d. forest fire
Answer- acid rain
Explanation- The process that we call " burning " actually is chemical reactions with oxygen in the air. For the most part, the carbon combines with oxygen to form carbon dioxide (CO2), and the hydrogen combines with oxygen to form water vapor (H20).In both of these chemical reactions a substantial amount of energy is released as heat. Since heat is what is needed to instigate these chemical reactions, we have a chain reaction: reactions cause heat, which causes reactions, which cause heat, and so on.Once started the process continues until nearly all of the fuel has gone through the process (i.e., burned), or until something is done to stop it. Of course, the reason for arranging all this is to derive the heat.
Que- Soil pollution is caused by
a. Aerosol
b. Ozone
c. Acid rain
d. PAN
Answer- Acid rain
Explanation- soil pollution as part of land degradation is caused by the presence of xenobiotics (human-made) chemicals or other alteration in the natural soil environment.
Que- What is hibernation and aestivation?
a. Thermal adaptation shown by animals
b. wind adaptation shown by animals
c. adaptation of animals to escape from predators
d. none
Answer- Thermal adaptation shown by animals
Explanation- Aestivation is summer sleep and during aestivation, animals usually tend to rest in a shady and cool place. They take sleep during the hot hours of daytime. Hibernation is a winter sleep and in this sleep, an organism tend to pass the time in dormant conditions. They are not active at all. The find a warm place for themselves to protect their body from the surrounding cold environment.
Que- A biomass pyramid is important because it illustrates
a. How energy flows through a food web
b. The number of species in each tropic level
c. The biomass of all organisms at each tropic level in a system
d. The number of tropic levels in a system
Answer- The number of tropic levels in a system
Explanation- Biomass pyramids show how much biomass (the amount of living or organic matter present in an organism) is present in the organisms at each trophic level, while productivity pyramids show the procreation or turnover in biomass.
Que- Low clouds retard surface cooling at night better than clear skies because:
a. The clouds absorb and radiate infrared energy back to earth
b. The water droplets in the clouds reflect infrared energy back to earth
c. The clouds start convection currents between them
d. The clouds are better conductors of heat than is the clear night air
Answer- The clouds absorb and radiate infrared energy back to earth
Explanation- Low clouds retard surface cooling at night better than clear skies because the clouds absorb and radiate infrared energy back to earth.
Que- The main reason(s) for warm summers in northern middle latitudes is that:
a. The earth is closer to the sun in summer
b. The sun is higher in the sky and we receive more direct solar radiation
c. The days are longer
d. Only (b) and (c) are correct
Answer- Only (b) and (c) are correct
Explanation- The main reasons for warm summers in northern middle latitudes is that the sun is higher in the sky and we receive more direct solar radiation and the days are longer.
Que- During an equinox:
a. The days and nights are of equal length except at the poles
b. At noon the sun is overhead at the equator
c. The earth is not tilted toward nor away from the sun
d. All of the above
Answer- All of the above
Explanation- Although there’s nothing official about it, many say the March or vernal equinox signals the start of spring in the Northern Hemisphere and autumn in the Southern Hemisphere. The equinox is a hallmark of the seasons. At this equinox, the sun crosses the celestial equator, moving from south to north. The March 2020 equinox falls on March 20 at 03:50 UTC. That’s March 19 at 10:50 p.m. Central Daylight Time for us in North America; translate to your time zone.
Que- All the statements are correct regarding ecological succession except
a. It is a random process
b. Species diversity increases as succession proceeds
c. The food chain relationships becomes more complex
d. The role of decomposers becomes more and more important
Answer- It is a random process
Explanation- All the statements are correct regarding ecological succession except that it is a random process.
Que- An ideal shelter for housing a temperature-measurement instrument should be:
a. White
b. Black
c. In the shade
d. Both white and in the shade
Answer- Both white and in the shade
Explanation- An ideal shelter for housing a temperature-measurement instrument should be both white and in the shade.
Que- Air pollution is likely to be most severe
a. in the interior of continents
b. near the center of an anticyclone
c. in the summer
d. when the atmosphere is turbulent
Answer- near the center of an anticyclone
Explanation- Air pollution is likely to be most severe near the center of an anticyclone.
Que- In meteorology, the word insolation refers to:
a. A well-constructed, energy-efficient home
b. The solar constant
c. Incoming solar radiation
d. An increase in solar output
Answer- Incoming solar radiation
Explanation- The term insolation is derived from the words " incoming solar radiation " . Insolation is specifically applied to radiation which is arriving at earth's atmosphere first and then earth surface.
Que- In ecological succession from pioneer to climax community, the biomass shall
a. decrease
b. no relation
c. increase and then decrease
d. increase continuously
Answer- increase continuously
Explanation- When the community moved from a pioneer community to the climax community, the biomass will increase. This will increase the biomass because the number of organisms belonging to different species will also increase.
Que- Suppose it is a winter night and at about 11 p.m., the air cools to the dew-point temperature and a thick radiation fog develops. If the air continues to cool during the night, in 5 hours the dew point temperature will probably:
a. Decrease as the air becomes drier
b. Decrease as the air becomes moister
c. Increase as the air becomes drier
d. Increase as the air becomes moister
Answer- Decrease as the air becomes drier
Explanation- Decrease as the air becomes drier.
Que- Conservation within the natural habitat is
a. insitu conservation
b. exsitu conservation
c. invivo conservation
d. exvivo conservation
Answer- insitu conservation
Explanation- Conservation within the natural habitat is insitu conservation.
Que- Low level ozone is referred to as __________ ozone.
a. tropospheric
b. stratospheric
c. ionosperic
d. exospheric
Answer- tropospheric
Explanation- Low level ozone is referred to as tropospheric ozone.
Que- The main atmospheric layer near the surface of earth is
a. troposphere
b. mesophere
c. ionosphere
d. stratosphere
Answer- troposphere
Explanation- The atmosphere has 4 layers: the troposphere that we live in near the surface of the earth; the stratosphere that houses the ozone layer; the mesosphere, a colder and lower density layer with about 0.1% of the atmosphere; and the thermosphere, the top layer, where the air is hot but very thin.
Que- Water used for paper mills should not contain
a. magnesium
b. sodium
c. iron
d. chlorine
Answer- iron
Explanation- Water used for paper mills should not contain iron.
Que- Blue revolution is associated with
a. Agriculture
b. Iron and steel
c. Irrigation
d. Fishing
Answer- Fishing
Explanation- The term " blue revolution " refers to the remarkable emergence of aquaculture as an important and highly productive agricultural activity. Aquaculture refers to all forms of active culturing of aquatic animals and plants, occurring in marine, brackish, or fresh waters.
Que- The processes of condensation and freezing:
a. Both release sensible heat into the environment
b. Both absorb sensible heat from the environment
c. Do not affect the temperature of their surroundings
d. Do not involve energy transport
Answer- Both release sensible heat into the environment
Explanation- The processes of condensation and freezing release sensible heat into the environment.